1. Tuart seedlings will not compete with introduced grasses. (This issue applies to all native plants.) Control of weeds prior to planting and during the first 5 years after planting is mandatory. There are proprietary chemical treatments available to eliminate weeds. It is best to treat the whole of the area to control weeds prior to planting.
2. Site preparation is most important to give young seedlings the best chance of establishment and survival. Plants are best established in rows for ease of maintenance. The rows do not necessarily need to be straight lines but can be any desirable form so long as they are continuous and can be formed mechanically with tractor and three point linkage furrow liner plough to create a deep ripped weed free furrow to promote moisture collection and early plant protection from wind.
3. Young seedlings are favoured as a food source by rabbits and kangaroos or domestic animals. The trees must be protected from all herbivores for the first 5 years. This will involve upgrading and maintaining fences to rabbit, kangaroo and domestic animal exclusion status.
4. Young tuart seedlings are best planted out after at least 8 months of age, it is important high quality seed is used and best collected from selected trees in the adjoining forest areas. Plants raised in registered nurseries, free of pathogens are desirable. Boyanup Botanical Nursery is one supply option.
5. For the first 2 or 3 years the young trees are susceptible to insect damage and regular inspection for damage to foliage will tell if control methods are necessary.
6. The site will probably have a residual fertiliser bank. A simple soil test will determine missing elements that can be corrected immediately after planting by applying a formulated, pelletised fertiliser to each plant.
7. Plants need to be planted in close proximity to ensure a tall attractive final crop is achieved. A row spacing of 2.5 meters with plants established in the rows on 2.5 meter spacing will provide a stocking of 1,600 seedlings per hectare. This density may need to be maintained after the 1st year by replacing any failed plants.
8. The trees must be allowed to grow on until crown cover is achieved around 15 years. It is then time to thin the stand selecting the trees to be retained based on vigour, form, height and spacing. The culls can be sold as biomass or chipped on site and distributed as mulch or simply left on the ground to naturally decay. Thinning is ongoing over time and has best effect when the stand closes canopy. Tuart trees need space for crowns to develop but need not be given too much space as the ability to grow tall will be lost and short dumpy spreading crown, multiple limbed trees will result.
9. Once thinning is settled it is possible to introduce understory native plant species to attract small birds and animals. The introduction of understory plants to early is counterproductive and results in moisture stress, nutrition loss and crop tree decline. It also creates an unnecessary fuel load making fire management difficult.
10. Fire management is a further consideration and it is desirable to burn leaf litter beneath the trees at regular intervals of not more than 4 -5 years after age 5.

Notes:
Regular fuel reduction fire will not harm the trees if carried out in the spring or autumn after rain in a surface drying litter in the cool of the evening. The purpose of fire in this situation is simply to reduce fuel load as a safety consideration. All Australian eucalypts are mild fire tolerant.